Symptoms
Repeated awakenings from the major sleep period or naps with detailed
recall of extended and extremely frightening dreams, usually involving
threats to survival, security, or self-esteem. The awakenings
generally occur during the second half of the sleep period.
On awakening from the frightening dreams, the person rapidly becomes
oriented and alert (in contrast to the confusion and disorientation
seen in Sleep Terror Disorder and some forms of epilepsy).
The dream experience, or the sleep disturbance resulting
from the awakening, causes clinically significant distress or
impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of
functioning.
The nightmares do not occur exclusively during the
course of another mental disorder (e.g., a delirium, Posttraumatic
Stress Disorder) and are not due to the direct physiological effects
of a substance (e.g., a drug of abuse, a medication) or a general
medical condition.
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