Symptoms
This disorder consists of at least two of the following Symptoms,
for at least one month:
Delusions
Hallucinations
Disorganized speech (e.g., frequent derailment or incoherence)
Grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior
Negative Symptoms (e.g., affective flattening, alogia, avolition;
see below)
(Only one symptom is required if delusions are bizarre or hallucinations
consist of a voice keeping up a running commentary on the person's
behavior or thoughts, or two or more voices conversing with each
other.)
For a significant portion of the time since the onset of the disturbance,
one or more major areas of functioning such as work, interpersonal
relations, or self-care are markedly below the level achieved
prior to the onset (or when the onset is in childhood or adolescence,
failure to achieve expected level of interpersonal, academic,
or occupational achievement).
Schizoaffective Disorder and Mood Disorder With Psychotic
Features have been considered as alternative explanations for
the Symptoms and have been ruled out.
The disturbance is not due to the direct physiological
effects of a substance (e.g., a drug of abuse, a medication) or
a general medical condition.
If there is a history of Autistic Disorder or another
Pervasive Developmental Disorder, the additional diagnosis of
Schizophrenia is made only if prominent delusions or hallucinations
are also present for at least a month (or less if successfully
treated).
"Negative" Symptoms
Lack of drive or initiative
Social withdrawal
Apathy
Emotional unresponsiveness
Different Types of Schizophrenia:
Paranoid schizophrenia a person feels extremely suspicious, persecuted,
grandiose, or experiences a combination of these emotions.
Disorganized schizophrenia a person is often incoherent
but may not have delusions.
Catatonic schizophrenia a person is withdrawn, mute,
negative and often assumes very unusual postures.
Residual schizophrenia a person is no longer delusion
or hallucinating, but has no motivation or interest in life. These
Symptoms can be most devastating.
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